Fri, 03 May 2024 22:01:02 -0500 Yom Shishi, Chodesh Sheni 24, 6024 — יום ששי חדש שני כד ו׳כד

Tanakh
Book of Joel, Chapter: 1 2 3 4

Joel

Chapter 1

דבר־יהוה אשר היה אל־יואל בן־פתואל׃	א	1	The word of Yehovah that came to Joel the son of Pethuel.
שמעו־זאת הזקנים והאזינו כל יושבי הארץ ההיתה זאת בימיכם ואם בימי אבתיכם׃	ב	2	Hear this, ye old men, and give ear, all ye inhabitants of the land. Hath this been in your days, or in the days of your fathers?
עליה לבניכם ספרו ובניכם לבניהם ובניהם לדור אחר׃	ג	3	Tell ye your children of it, and let your children tell their children, and their children another generation.
יתר הגזם אכל הארבה ויתר הארבה אכל הילק ויתר הילק אכל החסיל׃	ד	4	That which the palmer-worm hath left hath the locust eaten; and that which the locust hath left hath the canker-worm eaten; and that which the canker-worm hath left hath the caterpiller eaten.
הקיצו שכורים ובכו והיללו כל־שתי יין על־עסיס כי נכרת מפיכם׃	ה	5	Awake, ye drunkards, and weep, and wail, all ye drinkers of wine, because of the sweet wine, for it is cut off from your mouth.
כי־גוי עלה על־ארצי עצום ואין מספר שניו שני אריה ומתלעות לביא לו׃	ו	6	For a people is come up upon my land, mighty, and without number; his teeth are the teeth of a lion, and he hath the jaw-teeth of a lioness.
שם גפני לשמה ותאנתי לקצפה חשף חשפה והשליך הלבינו שריגיה׃	ז	7	He hath laid my vine waste, and blasted my fig-tree; he hath made it clean bare, and cast it down, the branches thereof are made white.
אלי כבתולה חגרת־שק על־בעל נעוריה׃	ח	8	Lament like a virgin girded with sackcloth for the husband of her youth.
הכרת מנחה ונסך מבית יהוה אבלו הכהנים משרתי יהוה׃	ט	9	The meal-offering and the drink-offering is cut off from the house of Yehovah; the priests mourn, even Yehovah's ministers.
שדד שדה אבלה אדמה כי שדד דגן הוביש תירוש אמלל יצהר׃	י	10	The field is wasted, the land mourneth; for the corn is wasted, the new wine is dried up, the oil languisheth.
הבישו אכרים הילילו כרמים על־חטה ועל־שערה כי אבד קציר שדה׃	יא	11	Be ashamed, O ye husbandmen, wail, O ye vinedressers, for the wheat and for the barley; because the harvest of the field is perished.
הגפן הובישה והתאנה אמללה רמון גם־תמר ותפוח כל־עצי השדה יבשו כי־הביש ששון מן־בני אדם׃ ס	יב	12	The vine is withered, and the fig-tree languisheth; the pomegranate-tree, the palm-tree also, and the apple-tree, even all the trees of the field, are withered; for joy is withered away from the sons of men. {S}
חגרו וספדו הכהנים הילילו משרתי מזבח באו לינו בשקים משרתי אלהי כי נמנע מבית אלהיכם מנחה ונסך׃	יג	13	Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests, wail, ye ministers of the altar; come, lie all night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God; for the meal-offering and the drink-offering is withholden from the house of your God.
קדשו־צום קראו עצרה אספו זקנים כל ישבי הארץ בית יהוה אלהיכם וזעקו אל־יהוה׃	יד	14	Sanctify ye a fast, call a solemn assembly, gather the elders and all the inhabitants of the land unto the house of Yehovah your God, and cry unto Yehovah.
אהה ליום כי קרוב יום יהוה וכשד משדי יבוא׃	יה	15	Alas for the day! for the day of Yehovah is at hand, and as a destruction from the Almighty shall it come.
הלוא נגד עינינו אכל נכרת מבית אלהינו שמחה וגיל׃	יו	16	Is not the food cut off before our eyes, yea, joy and gladness from the house of our God?
עבשו פרדות תחת מגרפתיהם נשמו אצרות נהרסו ממגרות כי הביש דגן׃	יז	17	The grains shrivel under their hoes; the garners are laid desolate, the barns are broken down; for the corn is withered.
מה־נאנחה בהמה נבכו עדרי בקר כי אין מרעה להם גם־עדרי הצאן נאשמו׃	יח	18	How do the beasts groan! the herds of cattle are perplexed, because they have no pasture; yea, the flocks of sheep are made desolate.
אליך יהוה אקרא כי אש אכלה נאות מדבר ולהבה להטה כל־עצי השדה׃	יט	19	Unto Thee, Yehovah, do I cry; for the fire hath devoured the pastures of the wilderness, and the flame hath set ablaze all the trees of the field.
גם־בהמות שדה תערוג אליך כי יבשו אפיקי מים ואש אכלה נאות המדבר׃ פ	כ	20	Yea, the beasts of the field pant unto Thee; for the water brooks are dried up, and the fire hath devoured the pastures of the wilderness. {S}

Groves Center Legend For Leningrad Codex Notes

U	We agree with both BHS 1997 and BHQ on an unexpected reading.

Chapter 2

תקעו שופר בציון והריעו בהר קדשי ירגזו כל ישבי הארץ כי־בא יום־יהוה כי קרוב׃	א	1	Blow ye the horn in Zion, and sound an alarm in My holy mountain; let all the inhabitants of the land tremble; for the day of Yehovah cometh, for it is at hand;
יום חשך ואפלה יום ענן וערפל כשחר פרש על־ההרים עם רב ועצום כמהו לא נהיה מן־העולם ואחריו לא יוסף עד־שני דור ודור׃	ב	2	A day of darkness and gloominess, a day of clouds and thick darkness, as blackness spread upon the mountains; a great people and a mighty, there hath not been ever the like, neither shall be any more after them, even to the years of many generations.
לפניו אכלה אש ואחריו תלהט להבה כגן־עדן הארץ לפניו ואחריו מדבר שממה וגם־פליטה לא־היתה לו׃	ג	3	A fire devoureth before them, and behind them a flame blazeth; the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a desolate wilderness; yea, and nothing escapeth them.
כמראה סוסים מראהו וכפרשים כן ירוצון׃	ד	4	The appearance of them is as the appearance of horses; and as horsemen, so do they run.
כקול מרכבות על־ראשי ההרים ירקדון כקול להב אש אכלה קש כעם עצום ערוך מלחמה׃	ה	5	Like the noise of chariots, on the tops of the mountains do they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a mighty people set in battle array.
מפניו יחילו עמים כל־פנים קבצו פארור׃	ו	6	At their presence the peoples are in anguish; all faces have gathered blackness.
כגבורים ירצון כאנשי מלחמה יעלו חומה ואיש בדרכיו ילכון ולא יעבטון ארחותם׃	ז	7	They run like mighty men, they climb the wall like men of war; and they move on every one in his ways, and they entangle not their paths.
ואיש אחיו לא ידחקון גבר במסלתו ילכון ובעד השלח יפלו לא יבצעו׃	ח	8	Neither doth one thrust another, they march every one in his highway; and they break through the weapons, and suffer no harm.
בעיר ישקו בחומה ירצון בבתים יעלו בעד החלונים יבאו כגנב׃	ט	9	They leap upon the city, they run upon the wall, they climb up into the houses; they enter in at the windows like a thief.
לפניו רגזה ארץ רעשו שמים שמש וירח קדרו וכוכבים אספו נגהם׃	י	10	Before them the earth quaketh, the heavens tremble; the sun and the moon are become black, and the stars withdraw their shining.
ויהוה נתן קולו לפני חילו כי רב מאד מחנהו כי עצום עשה דברו כי־גדול יום־יהוה ונורא מאד ומי יכילנו׃	יא	11	And Yehovah uttereth His voice before His army; for His camp is very great, for he is mighty that executeth His word; for great is the day of Yehovah and very terrible; and who can abide it?
וגם־עתה נאם־יהוה שבו עדי בכל־לבבכם ובצום ובבכי ובמספד׃	יב	12	Yet even now, saith Yehovah, turn ye unto Me with all your heart, and with fasting, and with weeping, and with lamentation;
וקרעו לבבכם ואל־בגדיכם ושובו אל־יהוה אלהיכם כי־חנון ורחום הוא ארך אפים ורב־חסד ונחם על־הרעה׃	יג	13	And rend your heart, and not your garments, and turn unto Yehovah your God; for He is gracious and compassionate, long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and repenteth Him of the evil.
מי יודע ישוב ונחם והשאיר אחריו ברכה מנחה ונסך ליהוה אלהיכם׃ פ	יד	14	Who knoweth whether He will not turn and repent, and leave a blessing behind Him, even a meal-offering and a drink-offering unto Yehovah your God? {P}
תקעו שופר בציון קדשו־צום קראו עצרה׃	יה	15	Blow the horn in Zion, sanctify a fast, call a solemn assembly;
אספו־עם קדשו קהל קבצו זקנים אספו עוללים וינקי שדים יצא חתן מחדרו וכלה מחפתה׃	יו	16	Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the elders, gather the children, and those that suck the breasts; let the bridegroom go forth from his chamber, and the bride out of her pavilion.
בין האולם ולמזבח יבכו הכהנים משרתי יהוה ויאמרו חוסה יהוה על־עמך ואל־תתן נחלתך לחרפה למשל־בם גוים למה יאמרו בעמים איה אלהיהם׃	יז	17	Let the priests, the ministers of Yehovah, weep between the porch and the altar, and let them say: 'Spare thy people, Yehovah, and give not Thy heritage to reproach, that the nations should make them a byword: wherefore should they say among the peoples: Where is their God?'
ויקנא יהוה לארצו ויחמל על־עמו׃	יח	18	Then was Yehovah jealous for His land, and had pity on His people.
ויען יהוה ויאמר לעמו הנני שלח לכם את־הדגן והתירוש והיצהר ושבעתם אתו ולא־אתן אתכם עוד חרפה בגוים׃	יט	19	And Yehovah answered and said unto His people: 'Behold, I will send you corn, and wine, and oil, and ye shall be satisfied therewith; and I will no more make you a reproach among the nations;
ואת־הצפוני ארחיק מעליכם והדחתיו אל־ארץ ציה ושממה את־פניו אל־הים הקדמני וספו אל־הים האחרון ועלה באשו ותעל צחנתו כי הגדיל לעשות׃	כ	20	But I will remove far off from you the northern one, and will drive him into a land barren and desolate, with his face toward the eastern sea, and his hinder part toward the western sea; that his foulness may come up, and his ill savour may come up, because he hath done great things.'
אל־תיראי אדמה גילי ושמחי כי־הגדיל יהוה לעשות׃	כא	21	Fear not, O land, be glad and rejoice; for Yehovah hath done great things.
אל־תיראו בהמות שדי כי דשאו נאות מדבר כי־עץ נשא פריו תאנה וגפן נתנו חילם׃	כב	22	Be not afraid, ye beasts of the field; for the pastures of the wilderness do spring, for the tree beareth its fruit, the fig-tree and the vine do yield their strength.
ובני ציון גילו ושמחו ביהוה אלהיכם כי־נתן לכם את־המורה לצדקה ויורד לכם גשם מורה ומלקוש בראשון׃	כג	23	Be glad then, ye children of Zion, and rejoice in Yehovah your God; for He giveth you the former rain in just measure, and He causeth to come down for you the rain, the former rain and the latter rain, at the first.
ומלאו הגרנות בר והשיקו היקבים תירוש ויצהר׃	כד	24	And the floors shall be full of corn, and the vats shall overflow with wine and oil.
ושלמתי לכם את־השנים אשר אכל הארבה הילק והחסיל והגזם חילי הגדול אשר שלחתי בכם׃	כה	25	And I will restore to you the years that the locust hath eaten, the canker-worm, and the caterpiller, and the palmer-worm, My great army which I sent among you.
ואכלתם אכול ושבוע והללתם את־שם יהוה אלהיכם אשר־עשה עמכם להפליא ולא־יבשו עמי לעולם׃	כו	26	And ye shall eat in plenty and be satisfied, and shall praise the name of Yehovah your God, that hath dealt wondrously with you; and My people shall never be ashamed.
וידעתם כי בקרב ישראל אני ואני יהוה אלהיכם ואין עוד ולא־יבשו עמי לעולם׃ ס	כז	27	And ye shall know that I am in the midst of Israel, and that I am Yehovah your God, and there is none else; and My people shall never be ashamed. {P}

Groves Center Legend For Leningrad Codex Notes

U	We agree with both BHS 1997 and BHQ on an unexpected reading.

Chapter 3

והיה אחרי־כן אשפוך את־רוחי על־כל־בשר ונבאו בניכם ובנותיכם זקניכם חלמות יחלמון בחוריכם חזינות יראו׃	א	1	And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out My spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions;
וגם על־העבדים ועל־השפחות בימים ההמה אשפוך את־רוחי׃	ב	2	And also upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out My spirit.
ונתתי מופתים בשמים ובארץ דם ואש ותימרות עשן׃	ג	3	And I will shew wonders in the heavens and in the earth, blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke.
השמש יהפך לחשך והירח לדם לפני בוא יום יהוה הגדול והנורא׃	ד	4	The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Yehovah come.
והיה כל אשר־יקרא בשם יהוה ימלט כי בהר־ציון ובירושלם תהיה פליטה כאשר אמר יהוה ובשרידים אשר יהוה קרא׃	ה	5	And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of Yehovah shall be delivered; for in mount Zion and in Yerushalam there shall be those that escape, as Yehovah hath said, and among the remnant those whom Yehovah shall call.

Chapter 4

כי הנה בימים ההמה ובעת ההיא אשר אשיב אשוב את־שבות יהודה וירושלם׃	א	1	For, behold, in those days, and in that time, when I shall bring back the captivity of Judah and Yerushalam,
וקבצתי את־כל־הגוים והורדתים אל־עמק יהושפט ונשפטתי עמם שם על־עמי ונחלתי ישראל אשר פזרו בגוים ואת־ארצי חלקו׃	ב	2	I will gather all nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat; and I will enter into judgment with them there for My people and for My heritage Israel, whom they have scattered among the nations, and divided My land.
ואל־עמי ידו גורל ויתנו הילד בזונה והילדה מכרו ביין וישתו׃	ג	3	And they have cast lots for My people; and have given a boy for an harlot, and sold a girl for wine, and have drunk.
וגם מה־אתם לי צר וצידון וכל גלילות פלשת הגמול אתם משלמים עלי ואם־גמלים אתם עלי קל מהרה אשיב גמלכם בראשכם׃	ד	4	And also what are ye to Me, O Tyre, and Zidon, and all the regions of Philistia? will ye render retribution on My behalf? and if ye render retribution on My behalf, swiftly, speedily will I return your retribution upon your own head.
אשר־כספי וזהבי לקחתם ומחמדי הטבים הבאתם להיכליכם׃	ה	5	Forasmuch as ye have taken My silver and My gold, and have carried into your temples My goodly treasures;
ובני יהודה ובני ירושלם מכרתם לבני היונים למען הרחיקם מעל גבולם׃	ו	6	the children also of Judah and the children of Yerushalam have ye sold unto the sons of Jevanim, that ye might remove them far from their border;
הנני מעירם מן־המקום אשר־מכרתם אתם שמה והשבתי גמלכם בראשכם׃	ז	7	behold, I will stir them up out of the place whither ye have sold them, and will return your retribution upon your own head;
ומכרתי את־בניכם ואת־בנותיכם ביד בני יהודה ומכרום לשבאים אל־גוי רחוק כי יהוה דבר׃ ס	ח	8	and I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hand of the children of Judah, and they shall sell them to the men of Sheba, to a nation far off; for Yehovah hath spoken. {P}
קראו־זאת בגוים קדשו מלחמה העירו הגבורים יגשו יעלו כל אנשי המלחמה׃	ט	9	Proclaim ye this among the nations, prepare war; stir up the mighty men; let all the men of war draw near, let them come up.
כתו אתיכם לחרבות ומזמרתיכם לרמחים החלש יאמר גבור אני׃	י	10	Beat your plowshares into swords, and your pruning-hooks into spears; let the weak say: 'I am strong.'
עושו ובאו כל־הגוים מסביב ונקבצו שמה הנחת יהוה גבוריך׃	יא	11	Haste ye, and come, all ye nations round about, and gather yourselves together; thither cause Thy mighty ones to come down, Yehovah!
יעורו ויעלו הגוים אל־עמק יהושפט כי שם אשב לשפט את־כל־הגוים מסביב׃	יב	12	Let the nations be stirred up, and come up to the valley of Jehoshaphat; for there will I sit to judge all the nations round about.
שלחו מגל כי בשל קציר באו רדו כי־מלאה גת השיקו היקבים כי רבה רעתם׃	יג	13	Put ye in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe; come, tread ye, for the winepress is full, the vats overflow; for their wickedness is great.
המונים המונים בעמק החרוץ כי קרוב יום יהוה בעמק החרוץ׃	יד	14	Multitudes, multitudes in the valley of decision! For the day of Yehovah is near in the valley of decision.
שמש וירח קדרו וכוכבים אספו נגהם׃	יה	15	The sun and the moon are become black, and the stars withdraw their shining.
ויהוה מציון ישאג ומירושלם יתן קולו ורעשו שמים וארץ ויהוה מחסה לעמו ומעוז לבני ישראל׃	יו	16	And Yehovah shall roar from Zion, and utter His voice from Yerushalam, and the heavens and the earth shall shake; but Yehovah will be a refuge unto His people, and a stronghold to the children of Israel.
וידעתם כי אני יהוה אלהיכם שכן בציון הר־קדשי והיתה ירושלם קדש וזרים לא־יעברו־בה עוד׃ ס	יז	17	So shall ye know that I am Yehovah your God, dwelling in Zion My holy mountain; then shall Yerushalam be holy, and there shall no strangers pass through her any more. {S}
והיה ביום ההוא יטפו ההרים עסיס והגבעות תלכנה חלב וכל־אפיקי יהודה ילכו מים ומעין מבית יהוה יצא והשקה את־נחל השטים׃	יח	18	And it shall come to pass in that day, that the mountains shall drop down sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the brooks of Judah shall flow with waters; and a fountain shall come forth of the house of Yehovah, and shall water the valley of Shittim.
מצרים לשממה תהיה ואדום למדבר שממה תהיה מחמס בני יהודה אשר־שפכו דם־נקיא בארצם׃	יט	19	Egypt shall be a desolation, and Edom shall be a desolate wilderness, for the violence against the children of Judah, because they have shed innocent blood in their land.
ויהודה לעולם תשב וירושלם לדור ודור׃	כ	20	But Judah shall be inhabited for ever, and Yerushalam from generation to generation.
ונקיתי דמם לא־נקיתי ויהוה שכן בציון׃	כא	21	And I will hold as innocent their blood that I have not held as innocent; and Yehovah dwelleth in Zion. {P}

Tanakh
Book of Joel, Chapter: 1 2 3 4

TRANSLATION / PUBLICATION NOTES:

Tanakh (Hebrew Scriptures) :

Leningrad Codex Based Tanakh (aka Hebrew Scriptures) derived from:
"Electronic" Leningrad Codex obtained from www.tanach.us
Source for the Westminster Leningrad Codex (WLC) — Groves Center:
Maintained by the J.Alan Groves Center For Advanced Biblical Research.
(WLC) Unicode Conversion to Hebrew Font Encoding For Web Pages:
Written In C++ Programming Language
By Robert M. Pill
Copyright © 2005–2023 By Robert M. Pill, All Rights Reserved.

QERE — KETIV
(What is Read —What is Written) :

Qere and Ketiv, from the Aramaic qere or q're, קְרֵי‎ ("[what is] read") and ketiv, or ketib, kethib, kethibh, kethiv, כְּתִיב‎ ("[what is] written"), also known as "keri uchesiv" or "keri uchetiv," refers to a system for marking differences between what is written in the consonantal text of the Hebrew Bible, as preserved by scribal tradition, and what is read. In such situations, the Qere is the technical orthographic device used to indicate the pronunciation of the words in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew language scriptures (Tanakh), while the Ketiv indicates their written form, as inherited from tradition.
SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qere_and_Ketiv

Q. What is the Qere and Ketiv and how does it relate to the Masoretes?
( see: http://jbtc.org/v08/Graves2003.html )

For PDF Of Above Link Click This Line!

A. Qere and Ketiv are orthographic devices that were used by the Masoretes,
i.e., Jewish scribes from the 6-10th centuries.

Qere means, "what is read," and ketiv means, "what is written".

It is found in existing Masoretic manuscripts dating to the 9th and 10th centuries, CE.

There are several forms of Qere / Ketiv, including:
ordinary, vowel, omitted, added, euphemistic, split, and qere perpetuum.

The ketiv that is most relevant is the vowel qere. In this case, the consonants are unchanged,
but different vowel signs are added and only the qere, i.e., what is read, is vocalized. ...

I Challenge The Rabbinic QERE–KETIV System!

In January 2022, beginning with the "Accented" (Full Trop and Vowels), rendering I chose to repair defects in the html encodings which occurred with my mechanical conversion of the unicode multi-wide encoding from http://tanach.us. I also decided to rearrange the Qere–Ketiv "system" with what I consider was the Masoretic intent in the first place!

The New KETIV–qere Hebrew Rendering (ACCENTS)!

Thus, this current version uses the Ketiv, what is written, as the predominant rendering, while making the Qere, what the "rabbis" have commanded as Must Be Read instead, to be a minimalist secondary format (much as rabbis appear to have intended the Ketiv to be!).

One of the reasons I decided to take on this new rendering effort is that in my efforts to understand the nature of the rabbinic Qere–Ketiv system I have not truly found a satisfactory explanation of why the "Qere" should always take precedence over the "Ketiv" in reading the Tanakh.

In fact, as I understand it, rabbinic "scribes", in examining the actual Aleppo and Leningrad Codices, appear to have taken upon themselves to adding the consonant only Qere in the margins upon the original manuscripts, where, in their "infinite wisdom" they have presumed themselves to be the greater authority!

Moreover, as rabbinic sources seem to indicate that the "Ketiv" should never be uttered, I have found instances, such as in Exodus 21:8, where I believe the "Qere" is blatantly INCORRECT — and that the "Ketiv" should be the preferred "reading", as if the Masoretes actually knew what they were doing all along!

In my own regular reading (Stone Edition Tanakh, Koren Publications Tanakh), my preference has been to read the "Ketiv" (what is written) and pretty much minimize the "Qere"! This is not easy to do because the predominant Qere is rendered as if it is the normative form, and the Ketiv follows, typically within brackets, as if it is the offensive variant (Stone Edition Tanakh)! In the Koren Publications Tanakh, the "Ketiv" is what is rendered in the margin, while the "Qere" is found in the regular text! Obviously, normal reading will typically ignore what the Masoretes wrote, the "Ketiv"!

As of January, 2022, and going forward, I intend to render the rabbinic additions of Qere in their current KETIV–qere form found in the accented version. I consider this as to convey the intent of the Masoretes. However, I acknowledge that rabbis (talmudists) have expended much effort to obscure the written Torah as part of their regular practice; as they appear, to me, to view themselves collectively as אֱלֹהִ֔ים Elohim. That is, I believe that those talmudists (rabbis), consider themselves collectively to be God!!! They certainly demand that their edicts (tachanot) are followed as if they are divinely inspired law!

If you find this of interest, please view the page on KETIV–QERE Variants

English Scripture Passages From:
"The Holy Scriptures Tanakh 1917 edition
According To The Masoretic Text (JPS 1917 Edition)"

The Jewish Publication Society of America "The Holy Scriptures According To The Masoretic Text (JPS 1917)" is in the public domain, and may be freely copied.

Notable Modifications
To The JPS 1917 Based English Scripture
In The-Iconoclast.org's Hebrew–English Tanakh:

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS!

In The-Iconoclast.org Modified Version Of the JPS 1917 Text, The Verse numbering has been altered to match the corresponding verses in the original Hebrew Scriptures of the actual Leningrad Codex for "The Ten Commandments" in Exodus 20 and Deuteronomy 5!

For More Information Regarding 'The Ten Commandments', See the Page, Comparing The Ten Commandments Exodus 20 & Deuteronomy 5 In The Leningrad Codex

The Name יְהֹוָה Yehovah

"Yehovah", The Name Of G-d In The Hebrew Scripures ('YHVH': י 'Yud', ה 'He', ו 'Vav', ה 'He', aka Tetragamaton) Is Used Instead of "LORD" (note: ALL CAPITAL LETTERS) As Found In The Original JPS 1917 Tanakh.

For More Information Regarding 'The Name', See the Page, The Name יְהֹוָה [Yehovah] In The Aleppo And Leningrad Codices.

In Converting "LORD" to "Yehovah", I Counted A Total Of 5,553 Occurrences In The JPS 1917 Tanakh!

הָאָדֹ֥ן ׀ יְהוָֽה ha Adon Yehovah

The Hebrew Phrase הָאָדֹ֥ן ׀ יְהוָֽה Occurs In Only Two Places, In Exodus 23:17 and 34:23. In Those Cases, I Have Changed The Translation Wording From "Lord GOD" To "Lord GOD [ha Adon Yehovah]".

אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה Adonai Yehovi

Typically Translated As "Lord GOD", It Is A Much Less Common Form Of The Divine Name, יְהֹוָה [Yehovah].

This Form אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה Is, Nevertheless, Quite Important In Understanding Pronounciation For The Divine Name, Especially Since The Hebrew Form For It Has NOT Undergone The Intense Scrutiny Of rabbinic Censorship As Has "Yehovah". Accordingly, The Hebrew Text For This Form Of 'The Name' Typically HAS NOT BEEN ALTERED In Jewish Publications That Actually Keep The Vowel Pointers From The Masoretic Text!

In Converting "Lord GOD" to "Lord GOD [Adonai Yehovi]", I Counted A Total Of 284 Occurrences In The JPS 1917 Tanakh. Of All Of Its Occurrences, The Fully Voweled Form Of The Hebrew אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהֹוִֽה Appears 31 Times, And The Non–Fully Voweled Form אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה (The Same Hebrew Letters, Minus Just The One 'Oh' Sounding Character, "The Holem", Which Follows The First 'He' In ( י 'Yud', ה 'He', ו 'Vav', ה 'He' ), Make Up All Other Occurrences.

תורה Torah

The Word "Law" (Capital and lower case), As Found In The JPS 1917, Has Been Changed To "Torah" Where The Base Hebrew Letters תורה Correspond To The Matching Verse In The Leningrad Codex (Masoretic Text)!

In Converting "Law" to "Torah", I Counted A Total Of 223 Occurrences In The JPS 1917 Tanakh!

Yerushalam, Yerush'lem and Yerushalayim

יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם "Yerushalam"

The Word "Jerusalem" (the name of capital city in ancient Israel), As Found In The JPS 1917, Has Been Changed To Its Transliterated Equivalent, "Yerushalam" (note the 'am' ending), In All Places Where It Corresponds To [ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם ] In The Hebrew Text.

יְרוּשְׁלֶֽם "Yerush'lem"

A Rare, Second Transliterated Form, "Yerush'lem" (note the 'em' ending), Has Been Changed From "Jerusalem" Where The Hebrew Letters Spell Out The Aramaic Form [ יְרוּשְׁלֶֽם ] Found In Aramaic Parts Of Daniel And Ezra.

ירוּשָׁלַ֙יִם֙ "Yerushalayim"

The Extremely Rare, Third Transliterated Form, "Yerushalayim" (note the 'ayim' ending), Has Been Changed From The JPS 1917 "Jerusalem" To Correspond To The Hebrew [ ירוּשָׁלַ֙יִם֙ ].

Noteworthy Is That This Rarest Form Appears In Only Four (4) Places In The Entire Hebrew Scriptures, Yet, It Is The Most Common Pronunciation For The Name Of The Ancient City! Its Four (Out Of Over 600) Appearances Are:
1) Jeremiah 26:18, 2) Esther 2:6, 3) I Chronicles 3:5, and 4) II Chronicles 25:1.

In Converting "Jerusalem" To Its Transliterated Equivalents, I Counted A Total Of 625 Occurrences In The JPS 1917 Tanakh!

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